| - ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 77 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠸ᠋ᠴᠢᠷ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ︾ ︵︽国家名片︾︶ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ | ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ︵法定货币︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ 77 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ︾ ︵人民币︶ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠥᠴᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ | ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ᠂ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠢᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ︽ | ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︾ ᠢ ᠾᠧᠪᠧᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠢᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ︵平山 | ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ︽ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠪᠢ ᠦ᠋ ︵董必武︶ ︽ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ︾ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ︵︽解放银行︾︶ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | ︽ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ︵联合银行︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ︽ | ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ︾ ︵︽解放币︾︶ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︽ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ︾ ︵︽联合 | 币︾︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠷᠤᠠᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ | ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠲᠥᠪ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠮᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠪᠢ ᠦ᠋ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ | ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ | ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ︽ | ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠽᠧ | ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ᠂ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠧᠨ ᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠿᠢᠨ ᠪᠢ ᠱᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠳᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ︾ ︵人民币︶ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ︵套︶ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠨᠢ | 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠾᠧᠪᠧᠢ | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠢ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷᠲᠦ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ︵本 | 币︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ 1953 | ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ 1962 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ 1987 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ 1956 -1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ | ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ 1962 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ 1962 | ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 30 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ︽18.88 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ︵主币︶ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ | ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ︵辅币︶ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵五角︶᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵贰角︶᠂ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵壹角︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵五 分︶᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵贰分︶᠂ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵壹分︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 11 ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠡ ︵面值︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ | ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 1987 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ 31 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠯ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠬᠢ 75 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠡ ︵面值︶᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ︵ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ 1964 | ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ | ᠵᠥᠩᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ︵ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ | ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ 1964 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 1956 -1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1962 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ︵ᠪᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ︶᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠯᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ︶᠃ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ᠂ | ᠵᠧᠦ ᠧᠨ ᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠦ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ | ᠨᠢ 2005 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 2005 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ 2019 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ | ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2005 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ 1999 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ 2005 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ 2019 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ1957 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ | ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ︶᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 1999 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ︵ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ︶ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ | ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ | ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ︵辅币︶ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠲᠦ ︵一 | 分︶ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠲᠦ ︵五角︶ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ 6 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1957 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︵铝︶ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠡ ︵面值︶ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵五角︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵一角︶ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ | ᠤᠳᠤ分 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ︶ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ︵辅币︶ | ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠦᠰᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ | ᠃ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ | ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠄ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ︵ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ 10000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ 5000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ︵一分︶ ᠶᠢ 100 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ | ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ︵ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ︶ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠡᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ | ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ | ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮᠧᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵冠号︶ ᠨᠢ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠ ︵罗马尼亚︶ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠴᠦ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︵ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠨᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠴᠥᠮ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ | ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ | ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ︵ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠤ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ︾ ︵国家名片︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ᠂ | ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠰᠡᠷ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ | ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ᠃ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠤ | ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠾᠧᠦ ᠢ ᠮᠢᠨ ︵1930 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠾᠧᠪᠧᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠡᠢ︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ | ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠲᠦ ︵一 角︶ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ︽ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ︾᠂ ︽ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ | ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ︽ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ︾ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︵盲文- | ᠰᠣᠬᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ︵ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ︶ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠶᠢᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ 1951 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︵ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ︶ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ︕ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠭᠦᠤ | ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠤ︕ | | ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠄ | ① ︽金融辞典︾ ︵1981年版︶ | ②2015年12月15日内蒙古日报 ︵汉文版︶ | ③2019年 10月24日内蒙古日报 ︵汉文版︶ 等。 | | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠄ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ︵ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ︶ |