| | ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ 16 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡᠴᠢᠨ ᠷ᠊ · ᠡᠾᠠᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠲ ︵R.Hakluyt᠂ 1583 — 1616︶ ᠤᠨ ︽ | ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠯᠳᠡ︾ ︵ | 1598 — 1600 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ 1625 ᠤᠨ ᠤ Purchas ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ︶ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠫᠯᠠᠨᠤ᠋ ᠺᠠᠷᠫᠢᠨᠢ᠂ ᠷᠦᠪᠷᠦ᠋ᠺ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠺ ︵Odoric᠂ 1265 | — 1331︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠧᠷᠭᠧᠷᠤᠨ ︵Bergeron᠂ 1634︶ ᠤ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠫᠢᠸ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠸᠠᠨ ︵ | Pietervan der Aa᠂ 1706︶ ᠤ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ᠂ | ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠾᠠᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠦ᠋ | ᠠᠯ — ᠭᠾᠠᠽᠢ ᠪᠠᠾᠠᠳᠤᠷ ︵Abual—Ghazi Bahadur︶ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠲᠦᠷᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ︾ | ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠮ ﹇ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠫᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠳᠡᠨᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | 1999 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ — ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠪᠦ᠋ | ᠠᠯ — ᠭᠾᠠᠽᠢ ᠪᠠᠾᠠᠳᠤᠷ = ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠽᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠃ — ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ﹈ 1780 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ | ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ | ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ᠂ ᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠴᠦᠮ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠪ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠺ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ | ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ | ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠺᠷᠦᠶᠢᠺᠰ ︵Petis dela croix᠂ 1622 — 1695︶ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠺᠷᠤᠶᠢᠺᠰ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠪ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 10 | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ | ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ 4 ᠪᠤᠳᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ︵17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ | ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠺ᠂ ᠬᠢᠪᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ | ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ ᠢ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ 15 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 1710 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠫᠡᠷᠢᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1722 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠳᠡᠨᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦᠯᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠸᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠺᠤᠯᠤᠨᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ | ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠲᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠤᠷᠧ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠦ | ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠯᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠺᠠᠮᠪᠷᠢᠵ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠢᠳᠡᠰ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ | ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠨ | ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ | ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ ᠳᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | 90 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠺᠠᠮᠪᠷᠢᠵ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠢᠳᠡᠰ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠳᠤᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠩᠬᠦᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠯᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠰ ᠪᠠᠦᠳ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵1955 — 1984︶ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠾᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠰ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ | ᠳᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1986 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ︾ ᠺᠠᠮᠪᠷᠢᠵ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠺᠠᠮᠪᠷᠢᠵ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠨ | ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | |