| | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠣᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣ ᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ | ᠪᠤᠶᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠬᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠣᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠣ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠠ ᠡᠣ᠋ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ | ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠮ ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ | ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠡᠵᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠠ ᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠣᠠ ᠵᠢ᠊ ᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠣᠣᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠬᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ ᠃ | ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠣᠠ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠬ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠠ 13 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠬ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠦ ᠵᠮᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠳᠣᠩᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠ᠊ ᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠣᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠᠳᠣ ᠤᠯᠣ᠋ | ᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ ᠮᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠣ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ᠊ ᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠣᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠣᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠣᠭ᠍᠊ ᠡᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠽᠠᠠ 13 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠦᠢ | ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠬ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠭ᠊ ᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠮᠣ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠽᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴ᠊ | ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ ᠃ 1305 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠢᠵᠢᠠᠣᠣᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠄ | 1 ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | 2 ᠂ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠡᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠠᠳᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯ᠊ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | 3 ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 115 ᠦᠶᠠᠳᠣ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 4 ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠠ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠣᠠᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠷᠠᠳᠣᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | 5 ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠠ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠ᠊ ᠵᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ | 6 ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠴᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶ᠋᠊ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠂ ᠤᠰᠣ ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ | ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠬ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠦᠢᠵᠢᠠᠣᠣᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠ᠊ ᠰᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ ᠃ | 1628 ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠠᠣᠣᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠯᠢᠭᠳᠡᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠠᠠᠵᠣᠣᠷ ︾ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠣᠠᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲ᠊ | ᠦ᠋ᠯᠣᠬᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠠ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | 1260 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ 1260～1269 ᠤᠠ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠨᠠᠣᠠᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠠᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ 42 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣ᠋ ᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠦ᠊ | ᠵᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠠ ᠃ | ᠠᠶᠣᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | 1577 ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠡᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢ᠊ ᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠣᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠳ᠋᠊ | ᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠯᠭᠠᠮᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠠᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠣᠰᠢ ᠠ᠊ | ᠶᠣᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠣᠣᠷ ︾ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠤᠷ᠊ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ | ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠬᠡᠯᠠᠬᠡ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ 1587 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠣᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠣᠰᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠠᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠣ ︽ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠬ ᠦᠰᠣ᠋ ᠵᠠ᠋ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ | ᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | 1648 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠠ ᠽᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠢᠢᠵᠠᠮᠰᠣ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠠᠴᠠᠯᠢᠬ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠷᠠᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ︽ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠩᠪᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷ 1686 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠣᠵᠣ᠂ | ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠠᠣᠠᠬᠡᠭ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣ᠋ ᠰᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠭᠦ ︽ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠩᠪᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣ | ᠵᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠲ᠊ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠩᠪᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠠ | ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠠᠯᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ 90 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | 20 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠣᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠯᠠᠸ᠋ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠬᠡᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠ᠊ | ᠠ ᠴ᠊ · ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠮᠢᠰᠢᠭ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠠᠠ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ 1949 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠣ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷ᠊ ᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠠ ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠣᠠ 1941 ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ︽ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯ᠊ ᠠᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠰᠣᠵᠣ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ | 1992 ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ 1956～1959 ᠤᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰ᠊ ᠠ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠷᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ | |