| ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 1686 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ | ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1686 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠱᠣᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠭᠦᠤ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠴᠠᠢ᠃ | | 1697 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠬᠤᠱᠣᠳ ᠬᠤᠱᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ | ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠦᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤ ᠦᠷᠯᠤᠭ᠌ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠤᠭ᠌ ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠴᠣᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ 1704 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠬᠤᠱᠣᠳ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1949 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠠᠭᠡᠳ | ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ | ᠂ ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠺᠸᠣ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠸᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠸᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1956 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠸᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠴᠣᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ | ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠺᠸᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠭᠤᠤᠯ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠦᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠮᠣᠨᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠡᠾ ᠸ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1961 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠬᠤᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ 1969 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠩ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 1979 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠡᠵᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠬᠢᠨ | ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ 14.3 | ᠲᠦᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ 3. | 4 ᠲᠦᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠣᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠣᠩ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠦᠨᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | |