ᠣᠣᠬᠠᠨ · ᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠ | | | 閼氏 ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ | yān zhī ︵ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ | ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠶᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦ᠋ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ閼氏 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ | ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠦᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠧ ᠴᠠᠨ | ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠥ ᠲᠸᠥ ᠸᠠᠩ | ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ︵ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ︶ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠁ | ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠣᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠶᠡ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ | ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ︽ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦ᠋᠂ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ︽ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠨ | ᠶᠧ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ | ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ | ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ | ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠷᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃閼氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠄閼氏 ︵ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ︶ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ︵ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ︶ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ᠄ | 1 ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ | ᠲᠠᠬᠢ閼氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂閼氏 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ yān zhī ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠬᠰᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | yān ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ě ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ 氏 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ shì᠂ zhī ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ᠂ shì ᠨᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ zhī | ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠷᠸᠥ ᡁᠢ ︵月氏︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ氏 ︵zhī︶ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠢ | ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠵᠢᠢ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ zhi᠂ chi᠂ shi ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠴᠢ | ᠰᠢ ᠾᠢ ᠬᠢ ︵gi︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ閼 | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠃ 2 ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠱᠦᠸᠧ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠽᠢ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ 閼 | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ从門於聲 | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ門 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ於 ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ | ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮᠬᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠣᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠱᠦᠸᠧ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠽᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ᠂ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ᠄从門於聲᠂烏割切 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃烏割切 | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ从門於聲 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ於 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ 於 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ | ᠢᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ 於 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ ᠲᠣᠰᠪᠣᠷᠢ yú ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ | wū ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠱᠦᠸᠧ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠽᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ古文烏省 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ | ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ 於 ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ烏 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ᠄ ᠲᠠᠩ | ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ哀都切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ汪胡切 | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷ烏 ︵wū︶ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡ | ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ烏 ︵wū︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠮ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ | ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ烏 ︵wū︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 閼ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠬᠰᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ烏割切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ᠂ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠦᠷ阿葛切 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃烏割切 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ阿葛切 ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ è ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ於歇切,音 | 謁 ︵yè︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ謁 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ʔɨ̯ɐt᠂ ʔiɐt ᠶᠣᠮ | ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ at ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ | ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ依倨切,音飫 ︵yù︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ烏前切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ因蓮切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠷ煙 ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠢ | ᠡᠬᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠨᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 3 ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠭᠤᠣ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠄ ʔi̯wo ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ʔuo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ʔo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠣ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 4 ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ᠄ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ 閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ vu1 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ji1 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ jyu1 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ wu1 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠣᠣ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ u1 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ | ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ︽ᠠᠲ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 5 ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂閼氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄閼ʔo/ ʔu/vu1/u1 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂氏 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ *zhiɛ̌ jiɛ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ閼氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠢ ︽ᠦᠵᠢ︾ ︵u ji︶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ100 —121 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ︶ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠱᠦᠸᠧ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠽᠢ︾ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ从門於聲 | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ於 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠣ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ | ᠠᠪᠣᠭᠠᠢ ʔo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠮᠦᠨ ʔo ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ʔuo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃於 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ EO ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ音読 ︵おんどく︶ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯお ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ư ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃氏 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ閼氏 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ zhī ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ zhī ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠨ | ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ︽ᠵᠢᠢ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ | ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ 閼 | 氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠥ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ · ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ︾ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 679 —732 | ᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠤ | ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ · ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ︾ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠥ ᠣᠳᠭᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 閼氏 | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ᠄ 閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ | ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ於連、於曷反 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂閼氏 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠾᠸᠥ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 328 —413 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠰᠢ | ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ᠄ ︽ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠷᠮᠠ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠣ︖ ᠣᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ 煙肢 ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ︵煙肢 ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ煙 | 肢 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ胭脂yān zhī | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ煙肢 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ胭脂 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦᠴᠦᠳ | ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠩᠰᠡᠭ ︵Engseg︶ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠡ᠋ᠽᠢᠭ ︵Enzig︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ︶ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠶᠢᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠪᠢ | ᠦᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ︵煙肢︶ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ | ᠦᠨᠦᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠰᠣ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠣ ᠡᠬᠡᠨᠡᠷᠴᠣᠳ ᠢ閼支 | ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃閼支 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃閼 ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ煙 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ | ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ閼氏 ︵閼支︶ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ︵煙 | 肢︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ | ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ 閼 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠣ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ᠄ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠽᠦ | ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠣ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠾᠸᠥ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠳᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠰᠠᠨ ︵ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠣᠮ | ᠳᠤ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ︶ ᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ | ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ節侯︵ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠾᠸᠥ︶ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ 閼氏县 ᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠨᠢ閼氏县 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ閼氏 節侯 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ | ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ︽ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ閼氏 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ 閼氏县 ᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠽᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠣ ᠳᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠾᠸᠥ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠳᠦ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠣᠤ ᠾᠧ᠂ ᠼᠣᠤ ᠼᠠᠨ᠂ | ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠩ᠂ ᠵᠸᠥ ᠪᠦᠸᠧ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠳᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ | ᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠾᠸᠥ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠁ | ᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ閼氏 節侯 ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ 閼氏县 ᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠪᠠ | ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠂ | 閼氏县 ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣ ᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ 閼氏县 ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ 乌氏县 ︵ᠡᠣ ᡁᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ︶ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠣ ᡁᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ閼氏县 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ乌氏县 | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ乌支县 ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ閼氏᠂乌氏᠂乌 | 支 ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ閼氏 ᠪᠠ閼氏县 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠷᠪᠣᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ | ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠣᠣᠢ | ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ ︽ᠶᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ︽ᠡᠣ ᡁᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠤ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠨᠢ閼 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ乌 ᠣᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠣ ︵wū︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 閼氏 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠦᠵᠢ ︵wū zhī︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ閼氏县 —乌氏县 —乌支县 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠦ | ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷ wū zhī ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨᠳᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠩᠬᠦᠳ ︵义渠︶ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠦᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 356 —311 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 337 —311 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠨ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠣ ᡁᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ | ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠸᠥ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ | ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩ ᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵535 —556︶ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠣᠨ | ᠣᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠄閼氏ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠦᠵᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦ᠋ᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ | ᠮᠦᠨᠴᠦ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠸᠦᠵᠢᠨ ︵ | ᠹᠦᠵᠢᠨ︶ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠦᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠭᠦᠯᠡᠩ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ ᠮᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | | | | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠦ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ |