| | ᠣᠣᠬᠠᠨ · ᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠄ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠄ tú᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ᠄ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠄ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠷ | ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠄ ᠴᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠬᠢᠷᠲᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠄ rlaː ᠪᠣᠶᠣ l'aː ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ | ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠄ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ dʰ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ d ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ aɣ᠂ a ᠪᠣᠶᠣ o ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︽ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ︾ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠄ 从土涂聲 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 涂 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 余 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ ᠲᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠣᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠯ ︵ | Tool ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠣᠯᠠ︶ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ 余吾(tu ŋo︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ᠂ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠄ 同都切,音徒 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ | ᠳᠤ 宅加切᠂ 直加切,音茶 ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ᠄ *dho ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠄ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠪᠠᠯ と ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠋ᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 塗抹 ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ とまつ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠪᠠᠯ ぬり ︵塗 | る︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠄ TO ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠄ đồ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠄ dʱuo᠂ du ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ȡa᠂ ɖɣa᠂ ɖɯa ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ 塗 | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠫᠠᠭᠰᠪᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠄ ꡈꡟ ︵tu︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ᠄ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ tʰu ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ tu | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ tʰu ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ hAu᠂ | hu ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ hæu ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠪᠸᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ lo ᠪᠣᠶᠣ du ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ︽ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ᠄ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠣᠣ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ︵ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠨᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ︵ᠪᠦᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ︵ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ | ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠬᠠᠨ tou4 ︵ᠲᠣᠣ︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠣᠣᠵᠸᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠺᠧ | ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠩᠺᠣᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠦ᠋ ︵ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 塗 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | dʰaɣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ do᠂ to ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ tu ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 撐犁孤塗 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠄ 撐rtʰaːŋ᠂ 犁 riːl ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ril | ᠂ 孤 ku᠂ 塗dʰ aɣ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ to ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ 撐犁孤塗 | 單于 ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠣᠭᠳᠣ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠳ ︵ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ︶︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 215 — 282 ᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠱᠢ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠥᠸᠠᠨ | ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠰᠢᠥᠸᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ | ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠨ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ︾ | ︵︽针灸甲乙经︾︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠦᠬᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡᠯᠬᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ︾ | ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ 撐犁孤塗 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠰᠢᠥᠸᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠣᠷ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ | ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ︽ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠱᠢ ᠠᠨ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ | ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤᠶᠠ᠂ 撐犁孤塗 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷᠦᠨ ︿ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ ︵天子︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠮ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠮᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠵᠧᠨ ︵679 — 732︶ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ 撐犁孤塗 ︵ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︶ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠯ ︵ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ︖︶ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠦᠦ︖ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠴᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠳᠣᠭᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠥ ᠴᠧ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︾ ︵天子︶ | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠯᠢᠥ ᠴᠧ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣ᠋ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ | ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠣᠭᠳᠣ︾ ︵撐犁孤塗︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠳᠡ | ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︾ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠮᠣᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ 撐犁孤塗 ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ 撐犁 | ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ︾ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ 孤塗 ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ︽ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠥ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ 孤塗 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠥ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ 塗 ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠣᠭᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | | | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠦ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ |