ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠢᠶᠡᠩ ᠢᠤᠢ ᠯᠠᠨ ︵梁玉岚)ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠼᠦᠢ | ᠱᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠥᠸᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 1902 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ︵ᠤᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠩᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ︶ ᠪᠠᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠨᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠳᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠳᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ | ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠠ | ᠬᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ | ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠦᠰᠦᠭ | ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠡ | ᠲᠠᠮᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠮᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠤᠨᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ | ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠨᠠ᠂ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠠᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠯᠡᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠤᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠯᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠯᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠨ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠡᠳᠤ | ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ᠃ | 1922 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠥᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠭᠡᠯᠠ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠶᠦᠺ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1926 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠰᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠄ ︽ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠡ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠭᠡᠷᠠᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠠᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ | ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠮᠤᠢ︕︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠠᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠰ︾᠂ ︽ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾᠂ ︽ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ︾᠂ ︽ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ︾ ᠰᠠᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠦᠨᠠᠨ ᠶᠤ᠋︾᠂ ︽ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1933 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ | ᠪᠡᠬᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠹᠦ᠋ᠩᠭᠠ ︵ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ︶ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ | ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ︾ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ︾ ᠰᠠᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠢᠨᠵᠠᠨᠨᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠠᠯ ︽ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ︾ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳᠯᠾ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠷᠠᠵᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠩᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ︾᠂ | ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ︾ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠷᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ︵ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠬᠦ᠂ | ᠬᠦᠰᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠰᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︶᠂ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ︵ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ | ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ︶ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1940 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ | ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ︵国高 | )︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ | ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠠᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠬᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠠᠨ ᠯᠤᠤᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠤᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠴᠤᠳ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠮᠦᠩᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠩᠴᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠨᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠥ ᠰᠡᠪ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠠᠯᠠ 1943 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠺᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠠᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠤᠰ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ᠂ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠠᠨ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠡᠷᠠᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠠᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠶᠢᠯᠠᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠵᠤ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠡᠰ | ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠨ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ︵梁玉岗) | ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠃ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠰᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ︵东京高等师范) ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠦᠰᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠠ᠃ | | | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠦ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ |