| ᠣᠣᠬᠠᠨ · ᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠯᠣ᠋ ᠯᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ ᠁ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠣᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠣ᠂ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳᠣ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣ᠂ ᠦᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠᠩ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠸᠧᠢ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠬᠣ᠋ ︵ᠲᠣᠩᠬᠠᠶᠢᠳ︶᠂ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ | ᠨᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ︽ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ 且渠 ᠶᠢ 沮渠 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ︵ᠰᠢᠥᠢ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ | ᠰᠢᠪᠸᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ︶ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ︵冒顿︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠ | ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠰ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠪᠣᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠸᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠣᠵᠣ | ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠢᠭᠯᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ | ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠲᠣᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠩᠬᠠᠶᠢᠳ᠂ ᠢᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠮ ᠭᠤᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ | ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠂ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠣᠳᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠶᠡ᠃ | 且 ︵ᠵᠢᠥᠢ︶᠄ | ᠸᠢᠺᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ᠄ 《 ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ 》《 ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ 》《 ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ 》 ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ 淺野 | 切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 《 ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ 》 ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ 七野切 ᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠷ 跙 ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ | 《 ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ 》《 ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ 》《 ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ 》 ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 子余 | 切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 疽 ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ qiě ︵ᠴᠢᠶᠧ︶᠂ | jū ︵ᠵᠢᠥᠢ︶᠂ zǔ ︵ᠽᠦ᠋︶᠂ cú ︵ᠼᠦ᠋︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ce2᠂ ceoi᠂ zeoi1᠂ cou4 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 且 ︵Jū︶ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ tsjo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ /*tsa/ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 且 ︵Qiě︶ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ tshjæX ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ /*tsʰaʔ | ᠪᠣᠶᠣ {*[tsʰ]Aʔ}/ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ しゃ | (sha) ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ しょ (sho) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 차 (cha) ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ | 저 (ce) ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 조 (co) ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ thả᠂ thư᠂ tồ᠂ và᠂ | vã᠂ vả ᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︽ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ︾᠄ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ qiě᠂ jū ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ tɕʰiɛ˨˩˦᠂ tɕy˥ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ *tsiǎ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ かつ᠂ | katu ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ CHA CE ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ thả ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3᠂ ᠮᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3᠂ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠯᠣ᠋ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3᠂ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ | ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3᠂ ᠱᠠ ᠲᠸᠥ ᠵᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ cia3 ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ | ᠲᠤ qia3᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ cia3 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ce2᠂ | zeoi1᠂ zoeng1 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠴᠣᠣᠵᠸᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ cian2 (chhíaⁿ) ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ shjaːʔ᠂ ʔsa ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ tsʰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ts ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ i̯ɔ᠂ ia᠂ jăɡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ | ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ tsjo ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ | ᠵᠣᠣ zho ︵ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠃ | 渠 ︵ᠴᠢᠥᠢ︶᠄ | ᠸᠢᠺᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ᠄ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ qú᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ gjo᠂ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ /*ɡa {*[ɡ](r)a}/᠃ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ qú | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ jù᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ keoi4 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ | きょ(kyo)᠃ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 거 (ke)᠂ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ cừ᠂ | cự᠂ gừa᠂ khờ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ︽ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ︾ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ qú᠂ jù᠃ 《 ᠱᠦᠸᠧ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠽᠢ | ᠲᠣᠯᠢ 》᠄ 从水,榘省聲 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 【 ᠲᠠᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ 】彊魚切᠂ 【 ᠵᠢᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ | 】【 ᠶᠦᠨ ᠾᠦᠢ 】【 ᠵᠧᠩ ᠶᠦᠨ 】 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷ 求於切 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠷ 蕖 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ghio᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ きょ(kyo)᠂ ᠺᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ KE 거᠂ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ cừ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ | ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ki2᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ki2 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ gi2᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤ ki2᠂ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠯᠣ᠋ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ki2 ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ gi2᠂ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ki2᠂ ᠮᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ | ᠳᠤ ki2 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ keoi4 ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ɡa᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ gi̯wo᠂ ɡĭo᠂ | ɡiɔ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ɡʰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ɡ | ᠃ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ i̯o᠂ ǐa᠂ jaɡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ gi̯wo ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ɡĭɔ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ go ︵ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ︶ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | 沮渠 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠄ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳ ︵dʒɔːt︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ dʒɔːgot ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ︽ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠥᠸᠠᠨ ᠽᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠣ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠦ | ᠄ ᠺᠢᠶᠠᠱᠠ ︵佉沙 ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ 喀什︶ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠪᠠᠰᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ︵斫句迦︶ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ | ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠥᠢ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ | ᠵᠠᠮᠨᠠᠪᠠᠰᠣ 瞿萨旦那 ︵ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠴᠥᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦ᠊ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ Hyu | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠾᠢᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠂ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ︶ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠦᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠾᠢᠶᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵于阗᠂ ᠾᠢᠰ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨ︶ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 斫句迦 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 斫zhuó᠂ 句gōu᠂ 迦jiā᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ | ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠤᠭ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ 斫 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ jiɑk | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ 句 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ *giò ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ 迦 ᠨᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ga ᠪᠣᠶᠣ gat ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 斫 | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ zok7᠂ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ zog5᠂ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ zok7᠂ ᠺᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ | ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ zhok7 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ zoek3 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ | ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ 沮渠 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ 斫句迦 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ zho go gad ︵ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ︶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ 沮渠 ︵dʒɔːgo ᠪᠣᠶᠣ dʒɔːgot︶ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ 沮渠 ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ 斫句迦 | ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠩ | ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠩᠰᠤᠭ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ | ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠣ | ᠦᠵᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 扎兀惕 | ᠂ 扎兀特 扎兀图 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 扎古特 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ | ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠢ dʒɔː᠂ dʒɔːt ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠩ | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ dʒɔːgot ᠴᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳ | ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ dʒɔːn ᠪᠣᠶᠣ | dʒɔː ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠣ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠶᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ | | | | | | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ᠄ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠷᠦᠩ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ | ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ | ᠴᠦ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠶᠡ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ 12 ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠰᠢᠭ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷ | ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠰ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠮ 12 ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡ ᠣᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠷᠧᠨᠸᠢ ᠭᠷᠦᠰᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠡ ᠣᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠬᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠵᠣᠤᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠵᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠾᠧᠪᠸᠢ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨᠳᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠦᠬᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ | | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ᠄ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠣᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠣ ᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠭᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ | ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡ ᠣᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠰ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠳᠣᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ 1 *2cm ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠣ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠦ | ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ | ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ︽山形器︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ | ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠣᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠯ | ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠣᠯᠣ ᠵᠡᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠴᠦ | ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠭᠤᠶᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠷᠣ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠦ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ |